OCCURRENCE OF FASCIOLOIDOSIS IN RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS) IN BARANJA REGION IN EASTERN CROATIA

Fascioloidosis is a parasitic disease caused by the giant American liver fluke Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875). In Croatia, the first report of this disease was in January 2000, in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) from the Tikveš Forestry in Baranja region (east Croatia). The aim of this survey was to determine the geographical distribution of fascioloidosis and the infection prevalence in deer. The survey was carried out in six state hunting grounds that manage with deer game in Baranja region during 2001 – 2004. Parasitological examinations were carried out by qualitative and quantitative faecal exams. The highest prevalence’s (35 – 60%) were found in epizootic focuses of two hunting grounds at flooding – bog land area in east Baranja, Danube forestry. The mean intensity of infection, determined on the basis of the number of eggs per gram (EPG) was 30 – 33 EPG (range 1 – 300). High 86% of examined samples was in category to 50 EPG. The highest prevalence and the biggest EPG number too, were determined during the first year of survey. In the Baranja area fascioloidosis represents a potential danger for other game species, mainly roe deer and wild boars, as for domestic animals

Broiler meat quality: Proteins and lipids of muscle tissue

Proteins and lipids of muscle tissue are important meat quality parameters. They contribute substantially to the nutritional characteristics of meat. A number of studies has been conducted on the effect of different factors on the protein and lipid content of broiler meat. Given the above, the subjectmatter of the present paper was to provide a review of latest research results on the said quality traits as affected by the most commonly tested factors. The results were grouped and presented in terms of the effect of nutrition, genotype, sex, age and rearing system. The objective of the paper was to review major previous studies on the subject in an attempt to define a future research pathway and facilitate the promotion of scientific findings towards wider practical implementation.Keywords: Broilers, meat quality, proteins, lipid

In vitro and in vivo Reactivation of Cholinesterases Inhibited by Highly Toxic Organophosphorus Compounds

The in vitro and in vivo reactivating power of 1,3-acetone- bis-(4-hydroxyiminoformyl pyridinium) dibromide (MBM-3) was compared with that of 1,3-trjmethylene~bis-(4-hydroxyjminoformyl pynidinium) dibromide (TMB-4) and 1,3-dimethylether-bis-(4-hydroxyiminoformyl pyridinium) dibromide (Toxogonin). As a source of choli\u27nesterase rat\u27s whole blood, plasma, erythrocytes, and brain ho~ mogenate, were u sed. The cholinesterase inhibition was performed by ethyl N-dimethylaminophosphorocyanidate (Taibun); ethyl 4- -nitrophenyl phosphonate (Armin), 0,0-diethyl-S-(2-diethylaminoethyl) phosphorothioate (Amitone-3); pinacolyl-methyl-phosphorofluoridate (Soman); and O-ethyl-S-(2-diethylamino ethyl phosphorothioate (Edemo-3)

Crystal structure analysis of Nd-doped ceria solid solutions

This paper deals with Nd-doped ceria solid solutions: Ce1-xNdxO2-d with "x" ranging from 0 to 0.25. Six different powders were synthesized by applying the method based on selfpropagating room temperature reaction (SPRT) between metallic nitrates and sodium hydroxide. The method is known to assure very precise stoichiometry of the final product in comparison with a tailored composition. Rietveld refinement was employed to get structural information on the synthesized powder. An increase of Nd ion concentration increases the unit cell parameters and average bond distances. We have shown that all obtained powders were solid solutions with a fluorite-type crystal structure and all powder particles were of nanometric size (about 3 nm)

Djelovanje mono-kvaternernih i bis-kvaternernih piridinijumskih oksima na akutnu toksičnost i antiholinesterazno djelovanje karbarila, dioksakarba i karbofurana

The acute toxicities of insecticidal carbamates (Dioxacarb, Carbaryl and Carbofuran) were determined in mice by s. c. or i. p. injection, both in the absence and in the presence of atropine and several pyridinium oximes. Atropine had a beneficial effect on the toxicity of all the three carbamates, while the oximes varied in their effects. In the case of Carbaryl all oximes used increased its toxicity, while in Dioxacarb and Carbofuran poisoning some of them were effective. It was found that the oximes do not influence the action of carbamates on the activity of serum cholinesterase in vitro, in a way which could explain their effect on the toxicity of these compounds. It is concluded, that the use of oximes is contraindicated in cases of intoxication with Carbaryl, Dioxacarb and Carbofuran.Ispitana je akutna toksičnost karbamatnih insekticida dioksarba, karbarila i karbofurana (LD-50) s. c. ili i. p., sa simultanom primjenom atropina ili bez nje i nekoliko piridinijumskih oksima. Atropin je pokazao povoljan efekat u trovanjima sa sva tri karbamata, dok je djelovanje oksima bilo različito. U trovanjima karbarilom i karbofuranom gotovo svi oksimi su potencirali njihovo toksično djelovanje, dok su u trovanju dioksakarbom neki bili djelotvorni. Oksimi ne utiču na inhibiciju holinesteraze in vitro ovim karbamatima na način kojim bi se moglo rastumačiti njihovo in vivo djelovanje. Na temelju eksperimenata je zaključena da je upotreba oksima u trovanju karbarilom, dioksakarbom i karbofuranom kontraindikovana

Effect of starter cultures on survival of Listeria monocytogenes in Cajna sausage

The aim of the study was to evaluate the survival of Listeria monocytogenes during the production of Cajna sausage with short maturation time. Sausage batter was inoculated with three different serotypes 4b and serotype 1/2. of L. monocytogenes. Control sausages were without any starter culture added; the second batch was inoculated with strains of Lactobacillus sakei, Staphylococcus carnosus and Staphylococcus xylosus, and the third batch was inoculated with strains of Debaryomyces hansenii, Lactobacillus sakei, Pediococcus acidilactici, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus carnosus and Staphylococcus xylosus. After 18 days of ripening, L. monocytogenes was not detected in any of the sausages, but during this fermentation and drying, the numbers of this pathogen was lower in the sausages inoculated with starter cultures

Changes in Blood Values of Glucose, Insulin and Inorganic Phosphorus in Healthy and Ketotic Dairy Cows after Intravenous Infusion of Propionate Solution

The aim of the present study was to determine the degree of blood glucose utilization by peripheral tissue on the basis of changes in blood concentrations of glucose, insulin and inorganic phosphorus in healthy (n = 10) and ketotic cows (n = 10) after intravenous infusion of propionate solution. Blood samples were taken in both groups of examined cows at the following time intervals: just before (time 0) and 8, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 480 min after the intravenous infusion of 1.84 mol l-1 solution of propionate in the amount of 1 ml kg-1 of body weight. Glucose and insulin blood serum values in both groups of cows increased significantly within 120 min of the experiment (p p p p < 0.05) in blood value of inorganic phosphorus in ketotic cows in comparison with healthy ones. This is linked with the active entry of glucose into glucolytic pathway of peripheral tissues. It can thus be concluded that there is a higher degree of blood glucose utilization by peripheral tissues in ketotic cows

Rehabilitacija glasa kod laringektomiranih bolesnika s ugrađenom govornom protezom; Možemo li doseći 100%?

Cilj rada: Uspješnost glasovne rehabilitacije nakon totalne laringektomije varira, ovisno o studiji, od 70 do 95%.Psihološki efekt nemogućnosti govora kod laringektomiranih bolesnika je velik. Početni neuspjeh govorne rehabilitacije s vremenom vodi do stvaranja pogrešnih fonacijskih mehanizama, frustriranosti i deprimiranosti. Cilj rada je dokazati da rana intervencija botulinum toksinom vodi povećanom postotku rehabilitacije. Materijali i metode: U zadnje tri godine u našem centru učinjene su 64 laringektomije. Kod većine bolesnika (61) učinjena je primarna traheoezofagealna fistulizacija i ugradnja govorne proteze. Kod svih bolesnika logopedska govorna rehabilitacija započeta je rano, uglavnom oko četrnaestog postoperativnog dana. Osam bolesnika imalo je izrazito loš glas ili nemogućnost govora; hipertonicitet je detektiran kao osnovni uzrok. Uz osam navedenih, učinili smo intervenciju kod još četiri bolesnika iz drugih ustanova. Za razliku od uvriježenog postupnika intenziviranja logopedske terapije i ekspektativnog stava, odmah po obradi započeli smo s intervencijom. Hipertonicitet je potvrđen lidokainskim testom. Svakom bolesniku aplicirano je ukupno 100j botulinum toksina tip A, odnosno u dva navrata po 50j u razmaku od 7-21dana. Mjesto aplikacije određeno je palpacijski, a kod jednog bolesnika ultrazvučno (izrazit edem).Lijek se injektira u šest do osam pojedinačnih mjesta. Nismo zabilježili nuspojava aplikacije. Govor je procijenjen pred drugu aplikaciju te mjesec dana po drugoj aplikaciji. Impakt rane intervencije procijenili smo VHI (voice handicap index) i VRQOL (voice-related quality of life) upitnicima, te akustičnim parametrima. Rezultati: Svi bolesnici tretirani botulinum toksinom odgovorili su već na prvu dozu, svi su zadržali kvalitetu glasa u dosadašnjem praćenju i nije bilo potrebe za ponovnom intervencijom botulinum toksinom. Zaključak: Rana intervencija kod laringektomiranih bolesnika s urađenom govornom protezom i nemogućnosti (dostatnog) govora, po našem iskustvu osigurava odlične rezultate kod svih (selektiranih) bolesnika. Sama metoda nema značajnih nuspojava niti komplikacija kod pažljive primjene.Ovakvim pristupom nadmašili smo dosadašnje postotke uspješnosti govora kod laringektomiranih s govornom protezom

Rehabilitacija glasa kod laringektomiranih bolesnika s ugrađenom govornom protezom; Možemo li doseći 100%?

Cilj rada: Uspješnost glasovne rehabilitacije nakon totalne laringektomije varira, ovisno o studiji, od 70 do 95%.Psihološki efekt nemogućnosti govora kod laringektomiranih bolesnika je velik. Početni neuspjeh govorne rehabilitacije s vremenom vodi do stvaranja pogrešnih fonacijskih mehanizama, frustriranosti i deprimiranosti. Cilj rada je dokazati da rana intervencija botulinum toksinom vodi povećanom postotku rehabilitacije. Materijali i metode: U zadnje tri godine u našem centru učinjene su 64 laringektomije. Kod većine bolesnika (61) učinjena je primarna traheoezofagealna fistulizacija i ugradnja govorne proteze. Kod svih bolesnika logopedska govorna rehabilitacija započeta je rano, uglavnom oko četrnaestog postoperativnog dana. Osam bolesnika imalo je izrazito loš glas ili nemogućnost govora; hipertonicitet je detektiran kao osnovni uzrok. Uz osam navedenih, učinili smo intervenciju kod još četiri bolesnika iz drugih ustanova. Za razliku od uvriježenog postupnika intenziviranja logopedske terapije i ekspektativnog stava, odmah po obradi započeli smo s intervencijom. Hipertonicitet je potvrđen lidokainskim testom. Svakom bolesniku aplicirano je ukupno 100j botulinum toksina tip A, odnosno u dva navrata po 50j u razmaku od 7-21dana. Mjesto aplikacije određeno je palpacijski, a kod jednog bolesnika ultrazvučno (izrazit edem).Lijek se injektira u šest do osam pojedinačnih mjesta. Nismo zabilježili nuspojava aplikacije. Govor je procijenjen pred drugu aplikaciju te mjesec dana po drugoj aplikaciji. Impakt rane intervencije procijenili smo VHI (voice handicap index) i VRQOL (voice-related quality of life) upitnicima, te akustičnim parametrima. Rezultati: Svi bolesnici tretirani botulinum toksinom odgovorili su već na prvu dozu, svi su zadržali kvalitetu glasa u dosadašnjem praćenju i nije bilo potrebe za ponovnom intervencijom botulinum toksinom. Zaključak: Rana intervencija kod laringektomiranih bolesnika s urađenom govornom protezom i nemogućnosti (dostatnog) govora, po našem iskustvu osigurava odlične rezultate kod svih (selektiranih) bolesnika. Sama metoda nema značajnih nuspojava niti komplikacija kod pažljive primjene.Ovakvim pristupom nadmašili smo dosadašnje postotke uspješnosti govora kod laringektomiranih s govornom protezom